![]() ![]() Effects of solar eclipse have been analyzed first time at eight different cities of India located nearly perpendicular to the eclipse axis having an eclipse magnitude from 98.6 % to 77.2 %. The present study is aimed to investigate the variation in solar radiance, surface ozone, temperature, relative humidity and wind velocity during the most recent and one of the most significant annular solar eclipses of 21st June 2020. The observed values of the limb-darkening coefficient incoming solar radiation and atmospheric temperature at the surface are consistent with earlier studies. The average value of the solar limb-darkening coefficient was found to be about 0.61. We also estimated the limb-darkening coefficient for six phases of the partial solar eclipse. Observation of six phases of the partial solar eclipse was recorded and it showed a variation in the intensity over the sun’s diameter from one limb to another at different phases of the eclipse. The path of this rare solstice ring of fire was of long duration. A partial eclipse occurred at Varanasi on 21 June 2020 from 10:30:51 am to 02:04:01 pm (IST) for 3 h 33 min. We have also calculated the eclipse parameters, magnitude and obscuration. In this study, we have for the first time discussed the effect of a partial solar eclipse on limb-darkening effect, incoming solar radiation and atmospheric temperature at the surface with the help of a solar telescope with the back-end instrument as the charge-coupled device camera and data of net radiometer installed at the Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. Thus, O 3 in seriously polluted cities is more sensitive to NO 2 and CO during the eclipse, such as in Kunming. The influence of CO on O 3 is minor except for Kunming. O 3 and NO 2 show a negative correlation. However, NO 2 did not show a clear response with changes lasting for 4 h. O 3 exhibits a significantly positive correlation with temperature and a negative correlation with relative humidity. Simultaneously, the temperature decreased but the relative humidity increased during the reduction in solar radiation. The reduction of TSI lasted for 5 h with a maximum at -90%. During the period of the solar eclipse, the O 3 decrease lasted for 20 h with a reduction of more than 40%. The results show observed O 3 decreases from the beginning of the eclipse, reaching its minimum value when the eclipse left Yunnan province. To estimate the influence of the solar eclipse on O 3 better, the variations of one reaction precursor of ozone production, coupled with the meteorological factors (including Total Solar Irradiance (TSI), Temperature (T), and Relative Humidity (RH)), were analyzed in Yunnan Province, China. The impact of the annual solar eclipse, starting on 21st June 2020, attributable to surface ozone concentration (O 3 ) has been investigated in this study. ![]()
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